What It Has The Most Beautiful And Famous Island Of The World

Bora Bora, a small South Pacific island locates just northwest of Tahiti in French Polynesia (see appendix 1 for details). It has been argued that it is the most beautiful and famous island of the world. Bora Bora has a tropical climate. [It is] characterized by a hot and wet season during the austral summer from November to April and a colder and dried period in the austral winter from May to October (Gischler et al., 2016). Bora Bora is considered a small volcano island. The volcanic island of Bora Bora is densely wooded and covers an area of about 30km2 with the highest point Mount Otemanu rising up to 727m above sea level (Isaack et al., 2016). It is also surrounded by a vast amount of coral reefs. The island has a population of around†¦show more content†¦Tahiti is the largest island among the French Polynesian. It accounts for a quarter of the islands total land area. Half of Tahiti s population lives in its major urban center, the capital city of Papeete (French Poly nesia., 2016). Air Tahiti is the only air carrier that is available. [It] provides regular schedule flights between Bora Bora and Papeete, as well as to serval other French Polynesian islands (Champion, n.d.). There is also a port for cruise ship arrivals. In addition, there is ferries that connect to other islands in the region. In response to the increasing amount if visitors in the island, a sustainable development strategy should be developed. The plan will be taken thorough a top down approach where the local government first implements laws or regulations. Then move on to regional, provincial and international level. Not to mention, Tahiti tourism is highly involved as well as the collaboration with the government. Future Tourism Development Strategy for the destination The plan will be focused on coral reefs around the coastline of Bora Bora (see appendix 3 for details). At this time, the tourism industry is disrupting the ecosystem based on tourism activities. They are mainly focused on the lagoon. For instance, swimming, walking on coral reef and scuba diving. Gabrie et al. (1994) argued that there are conflicts between locals and tourists activities. For instance,Show MoreRelatedEssay On Photography931 Words   |  4 Pagesclicking pictures passionately using his now vintage camera, the Kodak Disc 3500. The bug of photography has never really left me since then and to add to that my dads encouraging words have always helped me hone my skills as an amateur photographer. Over the years, the perfectionist photographer in me has relentlessly looked for the best of locations to shoot some outstanding pictures and that has made me travel to a great many places. 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Humanism Renaissance And Renaissance Thought - 955 Words

STANFORD MARQUIS HU 141 Humanism in Renaissance Thought The word ‘Renaissance’ is French for ‘Rebirth’. The Renaissance is a period in European history which signifies the rebirth of classical learning and rediscovery. The best possible way to get a grasp about what the Renaissance was all about is to compare it to a previous age. The middle ages for example, could be defined as a spiritual age. In contrast, the Renaissance was a secular age which was more man-centered rather than God-centered. The Renaissance is said to have begun in Italy as early as the 14th century immediately after the middle ages. Since the fall of Rome, the religious thought took a downward spiral and there seemed to be a lack of creativity and originality. Renaissance artists and scholars wanted to bring back the classical past by emulating the human form in the most realistic way possible. Their interests in God, the heaven and the Saints began to fade away and they became more self-centered. 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Marketing Analysis Samsara Aluminium Suitcases †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Analysis Samsara Aluminium Suitcases. Answer: Introduction Samsara is a company which firstly introduced the Aluminium suitcases to customers. The product developed is new it needs hugemarketing effort and sales effort to make it popular. Themarketing theories and practices if followed properly can make the launch successful. Product description Samsaras aluminium cases provide consideration and convenience. Their smooth definitive appearance and lightweight yet sturdy development make them the ideal answer for introduction cases, deals packs, special cases, conveying cases, and delivering cases. Samsaras aluminium cases are accessible in an extensive variety of stock sizes and are monetarily valued for use as attach cases or corporate training cases with tweaked insides. Aluminium custom crafted Alumiwrap cases give an abundance of special open doors they can be manufactured in various sizes and hues and silk-screened with organization logos. Also, tough material Cases will ensure items amid transport in extraordinary climate conditions. They include a gasket weather-proof seal, stainless-steel pivots, and welded creases for security and quality. The case likewise accompanies an application, which, in addition to other things, will advise you if the case was opened out of your sight, and screen the battery rate. It's indis tinct if there's the capacity to track the area of the case which appears like a need envision being informed your bag was opened however not being able to discover where it is. Current market conditions: Micro environment- The furniture marketing is portrayed by an anticipated and straightforward buyer, since his buying choices depend on a perspective that wins most importantly is cost. Competitive pressure and market equipped towards the pursuit of the most minimal cost have been transferred to the buyer, whose activities are inspired by the need to boost the utilization of his extra cash. These needs do not demand any extra motivating forces for as a necessary item (De Jonghe, 2010). Under these conditions, the market division of the buyer is generic and does not require the necessities of the diverse clients. Samsara's can barely utilize division factors at most as they consider the financial status and family life cycle of the customer to outline their marketing blend (Kroft, Lange and Notowidigdo, 2013). Thusly, the market for the requests of particular gatherings scarcely develops, despite the fact that there is a little offer of the market focusing on an all the more perceivin g client for whom cost is not a basic variable. Thus, it is tough for Samsara to establish market in competition era. Macro analysis: Factors affecting Samsaras external environment are: Political: These factors include change in current legislation of Australia, subsidy provided by Government, Government policies and many more. A change in any one of the factors can affect Samsara existence as changes introduced by government has to be compulsorily followed by Samara for its product. Thus make Samsara prone to political changes. Economic: These factors include economic growth rates, trends, taxation policy, inflation rate and many more (Ho, 2014). Economic factors changes affect the price of Samsaras product directly and directly decrease or increase the growth of Samsaras. If Samsaras product became costly due to inflation then people will hesitant to buy and will move to other brands. Social: These trends include consumers behaviour, lifestyle trend, media opinions, ethical issues and many more. If due to change in consumer preference in product Samsara sales will fall down and will affect the companys growth (Gupta, 2013). Lifestyle nowadays also plays a major role in consumer preference for products, a change in trend for product decrease the sales of existing product of Samsaras. Technology: These factors include innovation, barriers to entry, digital economy, technological change and many more. A minor change in technology can alsoaffectthe growth of Samsara, as the companykeepson bringing new products. Samsaras new innovated product can take its growth to high as well as down also. SWOT analysis: Strength Unique product- Product introduced by Samsara is unique and launched firstly by them. So great chances in Australia to boom (Helms Nixon 2010). Latest technology- Technology used by Samsara in its aluminium suitcases is latest like portable charger inbuilt providing charging of laptop and mobile in suitcases only. People following trend are more attractive towards it. Easy to handle- Aluminium suitcases introduced by Samsara is easy to handle and assisted with LED light making easy to use everywhere. Hence attracting more people towards it. Safety- Samsara is using digital lock which creates more safety for people using it. This facility gives access to people who have code of lock otherwise will not open without owners permission. Weakness Less popularity- Product launched is new hence less popularity amongst people. Due to this market is growing slower than expected for aluminium cases by Samsara. Lack of knowledge- People not aware of technology or incapability to use technology restricts some of the people from using it. Hence becomes less usable for those. Cost structure- Economies of scale for this product is still in process so product price of Samsaras aluminium cases is high as comparison to other products available in market. New market to develop- Samsara market for aluminium cases is still in developing stage so it will take time to become popular like other products. Opportunities New technology- Samsaras product aluminium cases are new and can catch people eye if marketing done at immense level. Innovated product- Due to its innovated features like portable charger, digital lock, recyclable and many more. People keep on looking for unique features product in market, so can get market share. International expansion- Samsara unique product can get international expansion with less effort. As people all over the world will be attracted towards its specialised features will help Samsara to take it to international market. Unique accessories- As Samsara is providing unique accessory with its product aluminium case which will attract more people as with suitcase all other products like folding gym bag, mobile app, toiletry bags and many more. So due to uniqueness many people will go for it instantly as soon as they know. Threat Volatile currency- Due to volatility in currency, Samsara can have to minimize its gain as international orders rate can fluctuate when product is delivered to them. Government regulations- Government also puts more regulation for a new product when launched. So it is a threat for Samsaras aluminium suitcase. Political risks- Many a times Government puts more restriction on latest technology if that hampers the present market drastically (Brooks, Heffner Henderson, 2014). And product launch also can be banned if new government enters the Australia and does not find aluminium suitcase useful for economy. Marketing management Nature and scope- Marketing is a term used for combination of various decisions and tasks targeting meeting of objectives (Cairns. et ol, 2013). The motive behind marketing is to enable individuals to tackle their issues. Samsaras guarantees they have a solid marketing orientation as study demonstrates that the association between marketing promotion and productivity is extremely solid, with this being a prominent quality in best (beneficial) organizations. Its scope is very wide as it covers many areas of management. It helps in planning (for future project), staffing for new project, and many more. It also aids in customer demands identification procedure, price determination, demand analysis and all market related concepts. Marketing concept: Samsaras management should have a clear understanding concepts and principles. The technique in marketing keeps changing. Samsara should conduct regular research regarding trends and technology. Nowadays social media marketing is becoming more popular than traditional. So Samsaras marketing team should change its marketing practices according to trend (Homburg, Jozi? Kuehnl, 2017). It should also have comprehensive understanding of marketing concepts to assure of profit realisation. The marketing concept is the theory that analyse the needs of customer and taking decisions to satisfy those needs. Samsara should analyse the customer requirement before launching any product. The five types of marketing concept which Samsara should analyse are: Production concept: Customer will prefer those products which are less expensive and widely available. The concept of production is more operational than any other concept of marketing (Rytel, 2010). So Samsara should properly analyse this concept before proceeding with production. Product concept: Consumers favour a product which offers best quality, performance, and features. So Samsara should analyse the product market before taking any decision. Consumers are more attracted towards those products which provide multiple benefits to them. Samsaras aluminium suitcase can fulfill this concept. Selling concept: Consumers buys products which promotes their products often through media. So Samsara should adopt practices to sell the products widely. Marketing concept: The marketing concept focuses on needs and desire of target segment. This identifies the competitor practices which can help Samsara to recognize threat in advance (Hult, 2011). Societal marketing concept: This concept focus on society value and principles. So Samsara can identify the values and practices of target segment by analysing through this concept. Market research and analysis: Marketing research is extraordinary. Diverse on its grounds research is managing a more large scope of buyers. Showcasing research incorporates "advertise" inquire about, however it additionally dives into new item research and dissemination techniques. The most ideal approach to separate the two is to comprehend that showcasing research is truly about investigating the advertising procedure of an organization, not exactly their identity focusing on. It is a group of members who identifies target customer for products and plan accordingly. It also initiates marketing after proper analysing and studying target segment and customer. Types of market research Primary research: This research is undertaken for fulfilling purpose like gathering information about product and services a company offers. Samsara can take this research to evaluate its existing product offering and services (Nunan Di Domenico, 2013). Secondary research: The purpose of secondary research is to provide research information to other users either free or paid. Sources are government data, office data, newspaper, magazine and many more. Samsara can avail this technique of research to get information about its popularity amongst people. Qualitative research: The aim of this research is to take into account the views and feeling of customers. With help of this research Samsara can find the opinion of its customer and can analyse where they are lacking. Quantitative research: This type of research helps in identifying the existing share in market. Samsara can use this research to recognize market share and upcoming market segments. Importance of market research: Market research can turn marketing campaigns into sales. Research not only recognizes opportunities in market but also identify the target customer. It provides valuable information regarding market segment, upcoming trends and many more important elements. It also helps in fighting with competitors strategy, keep eye on growth of competitor share and then devise strategies accordingly. With help of market research losses up to a great extent can be managed with pre-planning and analysis. The upcoming demands of customers is analysed in advance thus reducing risk of new product failure. Research also identifies problem areas of business and explores new business opportunity with improved customer base. It also makes well informed market decisions and develops strategies accordingly. Marketing mix and extended marketing mix The marketing mix alludes to the arrangement of activities, or strategies, that an organization uses to advance its image or item in the market. The 4Ps make up a run of the mill advertising blend - Price, Product, Promotion, and Place. Be that as it may, these days, the promoting blend progressively incorporates a few different Ps like Packaging, Positioning, and People. (Gordon, 2012). It is tied in with putting the correct item or a blend thereof in the place, at the perfect time, and at the correct cost. Every one of the components of the advertising blend impacts each other. They make up the marketable strategy for an organization and dealt with right, can give it an awesome achievement. Be that as it may, take care of wrong and the business could take years to recoup. Product- Products by Samsara should fit into the requirements of its customers. It also needs to fulfill the expectations of customers. Place- products of Samsara should be available for targeted customer at place accessible to them. The place could be mall, high street, retail store and many more (Yasanallah Bidram, 2012). Price- Samsara price policies for products should be value which a customer is ready to pay easily. Customer is happier even if he pays more but gets satisfaction and expectation. Promotion- Advertising, online selling, media marketing should be adopted to advertise Samsaras new product in market. People: Staff of organisation also helps in increasing business offerings. So Samsara should hire right people to successfully launch its new product (Luan Sudhir, 2010). Processes: Delivery of service is important part in process of selling. Samsara should focus its efforts on delivering the new products to customers timely. Physical evidence: Almost all services have physical evidence showing possession of product bought. So services provided by Samsara should ensure receipt after selling to customer. Conclusion: The analysis done above of Samsara shows its new product launch, aluminium suitcases which are unique. Samsara requires marketing effort to boost its sales and it should follow marketing principles and mix to develop marketing strategies. References: Homburg, C., Jozi?, D., Kuehnl, C. (2017). Customer experience management: toward implementing an evolving marketing concept.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,45(3), 377-401. Rytel, T. (2010). Emotional marketing concept: The new marketing shift in the postmodern era.Business: Theory and Practice/Verslas: Teorija ir Praktika,11(1), 30-38. De Jonghe, O. (2010). Back to the basics in banking? A micro-analysis of banking system stability.Journal of financial intermediation,19(3), 387-417. Nunan, D., Di Domenico, M. (2013). Market research the ethics of big data.International Journal of Market Research,55(4), 505-520. Gordon, R. (2012). Re-thinking and re-tooling the social marketing mix.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),20(2), 122-126. Yasanallah, P., Bidram, V. (2012). Studying the Status of Marketing Mix (7Ps) in Consumer Cooperatives at Ilam Province from Members' Perspectives.American Journal of Industrial and Business Management,2(4), 194. Helms, M. M., Nixon, J. (2010). Exploring SWOT analysiswhere are we now? A review of academic research from the last decade.Journal of strategy and management,3(3), 215-251. Brooks, G., Heffner, A., Henderson, D. (2014). A SWOT analysis of competitive knowledge from social media for a small start-up business.The Review of Business Information Systems (Online),18(1), 23. Ho, J. K. K. (2014). Formulation of a systemic PEST analysis for strategic analysis.European academic research,2(5), 6478-6492. Gupta, A. (2013). Environmental and pest analysis: An approach to external business environment.Merit Research Journal of Art, Social Science and Humanities,1(2), 13-17. Cairns, G., Angus, K., Hastings, G., Caraher, M. (2013). Systematic reviews of the evidence on the nature, extent and effects of food marketing to children. A retrospective summary.Appetite,62, 209-215. Hult, G. T. M. (2011). Toward a theory of the boundary-spanning marketing organization and insights from 31 organization theories.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,39(4), 509-536. Kroft, K., Lange, F., Notowidigdo, M. J. (2013). Duration dependence and labor market conditions: Evidence from a field experiment.The Quarterly Journal of Economics,128(3), 1123-1167. Luan, Y. J., Sudhir, K. (2010). Forecasting marketing-mix responsiveness for new products.Journal of Marketing Research,47(3), 444-457.

Consumer Behaviuor free essay sample

This is because of cultural effect on Hinduism peoples and mostly they do not purchase beef from butcher shop. In this assignment, I have explained factors of conformity likely to be observed in consumer’s are- in social and cultural context, self- image, Perception, motivation, learning and attitude. Each case I have described separately in conformity factors part with given relevant examples. In cultural context, consumer’s choices change depends on culture and societal community. Self-image deals with prestige issue, lifestyle, designation and self confidence for purchasing products. Motivation is the force that compels the buyers to make purchase of particular motivational products. Motivation refers to the processes that cause buyers to conduct as they do. Perception is related to the selection of product on basic of its smell, sound, sights, and colours. Learning is the factor in which knowledge in advance of product takes place before buying objects. Positive and negative aspects of product determine the attitude of consumers. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behaviuor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Product is useful or harmful compels the buyers to change their attitude. The need to understand buyers behaviour is to generate good dealing intellect if companies want to know their buyers requirements and as a contribution into the marketing strategy. Buyer’s reaction may frequently be the decisive test of whether or not a marketing strategy will be successful. Literature Review: Thomas J. Reynolds in their book â€Å"Understanding Consumer Making: The Means- End Approach to Marketing and Advertising Strategy† writes about why do marketers need to know about consumer decision making? Understanding customer’s judgment making requires watchful attention to the context in which the judgment occurs. Context can be understood at micro (immediate) and macro levels. All behaviors take place in some definite context, which contains the direct physical surroundings and the social environment (existence and power of other people, together with friends, family, and sales people). Specific behaviors are also predisposed by broader contextual fa ctors, such as ones financial situation, cultural pressures, and social responsibilities. Marketers should effort to know the most important contextual influences on the consumer. Understanding consumer choice making is a two-step process. First, the promotion problem of concern must be structured as a precise decision made by consumers. Second, executives need to know precisely how customers go about making that choice† (Thomas J. Reynolds et al, 2001). â€Å"At first look, this might appear annoying to the budding customer psychologist; the stimulus situation that impacts upon the buyer looks to be unmanageably multifaceted. However, it is essential to identify that the world in which customers behave is, in reality, tremendously compound, filled with continual commercials, attractive packaging, and confusing alternatives†[Brian Mullen et al, 1990] â€Å"The buyer propensity to observe consists of the direct observation of other customers, the not direct observation of other customers or both. Direct observation occurs by inspection the actual procure behaviour of other shoppers (e. g. McGrath and Otnes, 1995: Price et al. , 1989) and indirect observation involves the analysis of trace confirmation of shopping behaviour. For example, some travelers recognize good restaurants by the number of semi-trucks in the parking lot and customers unfamiliar with recent movie release may rent a movie based on the movie with the fewest remaining DVDs or tapes relation to the quantity displayed, believing that this trace evidence entails movie popularity. Likely all customers observe and consider others purchasing activities in their personal buying, but the extent of the behaviour likely varies by individual depending on various consumer traits and by context, such as is short of of knowledge. Very little research, however, has examined customers propensity to survey, even though researchers have studied reference groups from a range of perspectives, (i. e. Kivetz and Simonson, 2000)† [Penny M. Simpson et al, 2008]. â€Å"People are bombarded everyday with millions of advertisements, endorsements, and product proposals. All of these efforts to convince the personage to purchase a particular product because it will take some pleasure to their life. The task of the marketer is to set up a marketing strategy that will be victorious in this goal. Many of the ads on television and in magazines place highlighting on beautiful people and cool settings and connect them with the benefits that one product offers over a different. Many corporations pay out millions of dollars hiring marketing research firms to collect data and determine which method of persuasion works better to sell their products. One more approach to advertising may be to first decide an improved understanding of why definite processes are more successful in believing people to procure products. This understanding may furnish marketing researchers clearer approaching into what products will work with each influence technique† [Amanda E. Rusich, 2008] â€Å"Two concepts of innovations are operationalized and connected to the new product acceptance process. Multi-item scales intended to gauge buyer self-determining judgment making (i. e. , the level to which a person makes advance decisions separately of the communicated knowledge of others) and buyer novelty looking for (i. e. the wish to search for out new product information) are developed and experienced on adult customers. Tests of the hypothesized effects of these traits show that consumer novelty seeking is positively related to early stages of the adoption process (i. e. , actualized novelty seeking and new product awareness), whereas buyer self-governing judgment making is only associated with later stages of the adoption process (i. e. , new product trial)†[William O. Bearden et al, 1995]. Consumer Behaviour, Attitude and Propensity to Conform (Critically Description): According to the American Marketing Association, Consumer Behavior is defined as The dynamic interaction of affect and cognition, behavior, and environmental events by which human beings conduct the exchange aspects of their lives† [Sara Stumpf, 1998] As small changes in percentages of sell make almost a fair profit, that means small change in buyers behaviour changes more sale. Tools that help marketers become more adjusted to their buyers are relationship marketing and database marketing. Relationship marketing is helpful to connection between buyers and brands. â€Å"In the mid of -1990s Sheth and Parvatiyar directly linked relationship marketing to consumer behaviour. Critical to their argument explaining why consumer relationship is important to reducing choice. Innovation suppliers need to keep relationship with consumers to become success† (Isabelle Szmigin, 2003). Buyer’s relationships with products are because of self concept attachment, interdependence and love. In self concept attachment, the product helps to set up the user’s identity. In case of love, the product elicits bonds of warmth, passion, or other strong emotion. Positivist approach emphasises the lack of involvement of knowledge and the purchaser as a logical choice maker whereas Interpretivism stresses the subjective meaning of the buyers’ personal knowledge and the thought that any behaviour is subject to numerous interpretations rather than one single justification. [pic] (Source: from Laurel A. Hudson and Julie L. Ozanne, ‘Alternative Ways of Seeking Knowledge in Consumer Research’, Journal of Consumer Research 14 (March 1988): 508–21. Buyers attitude towards the Country-of-origin of products play vital role in customers product purchasing. The factors like social and cultural forces, product features, product price and many more related to product origin of country which changes the buyer’s attitude while purchasing a product. Best example is Sony Electronics products of made in Japan and made in China. Consumer†™s gives most preference to Japan electronics products compared to China produced Sony product. It’s because of buyers trust on quality of electronics products of ‘made in Japan’ The buyer’s process of decision making for products and services is as shown in Fig-1, it starts from any need of buyers, then customer starts to search information. After collecting information, he purchases as per his requirement considering all factors. Consumption of product and analysis after utilization takes place to get more conformity in next time purchasing. [pic] (Fig- 1, Consumer Decision Making Process, (Roger D. Backwell et al. , 2007, p 70)) Factors of Conformity: Different factors of conformity in buyers decision making process can better explained in contexts of social and cultural, self- image, motivation and learning. Let’s discuss all the factors in details. The Social and Cultural Context: Culture can be views as the shared memory of the social order (mutual implications, practices, norms and manners among members). The choice of consumption can’t be recognized except in view of the societal and cultural context in which they are grown up. Culture structures the prism through which individual’s analyse goods and seeks to create wisdom of their own and other people’s behaviour. A buyer’s culture decides the general right of ways she or he attaches to dissimilar actions and goods and the hit or stoppage of specific products and services. The boundaries that culture sets on behaviour are called norms, which are simply rules that specify or prohibit certain behaviours in specific situation. Norms are derived from cultural values or widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. Violation of cultural norms results in sanctions or penalties ranging from mild soci al disapproval to banishment from the group† (Del I Hawkins et al. , 2007). Culture plays a vital role in society, celebrations, work and many more places to perform any particular task. Products sometime used in ritual behaviour, such as foods eaten on certain holidays( like hot dogs and apple pie on the fourth of July) or as part of special religious ceremonies ( such as a bar mitzvah or first communications). Occasionally, products become so much of a symbol in a society that they become icons† (Roger D. Backwell et al. , 2007). A ritual is a set of compound, representative behaviours, which take place in a fixed series and tend to be repeated at regular intervals. Rituals are associated to various expenditure actions, which take place in well-liked culture, e. g. acation observances, present giving and grooming. Rite of route is a particular type of ritual, which contains a alteration from one position to another. These routes classically involve the need to gain pro ducts and services called ritual artefacts. [pic] (Figure 2, Cultural Values gives rise to norms, Del I Hawkins et al, 2007) Social and cultural factors plays significant role in conformity of purchasing in buyers. Without considering cultural norms, purchasing process can’t proceeds which commonly observed in customers. Self- Image: Every person has unique life, rather than an ingredient of groups. A comparatively fresh idea that regards human and their connection to society. Admits the concept that the self is an object to be spoiled. â€Å"Consumer self- confidence is the degree to which a personage feels competent and guaranteed with respect to his or her marketplace choices and behaviours (Bearden et al, 2001). Customers with small self- confidence in their own capability to make pleasing procure decisions are likely to employ other resources, counting other customers, as additional supply of information† [Penny M. Simpson et al, 2008]. Every consumer takes decision of purchasing as per his image and lifestyle. To make themselves as making attraction and imagining the others reaction towards self. Reading of our identity by others and the image of own in others context shows conformity while purchasing. The levels of purchasing considering self image are individual level, group level, family level and community level. In individual self- image, thinks about personal belongings in self designation. Examples of individual self image are clothing, perfumes, car etc. In case of family level includes buyer’s house and its furnishing. In case of group level, connection to definite social groups can be considered as part of self and in case of community level consideration of the locality or township from where buyer belongs. The case of prestige issue plays important role while purchasing object. What other thinks about us and what should we purchase to keep my own self- image on higher level, this thing always peep into mind while purchasing. The good example of self- image is car purchasing. Everybody from middle or rich class person think his status of working and purchases car as per image, lifestyle, and purpose. A manager thinks that his own car must costly and should from higher car brands like Mercedes, BMW etc. Common person purchases car for family purpose and choose brand as per his confidence and image. Sexual identity i. e. whether buyer if male or female is a key part of a person’s self concept. People frequently conform to their culture’s prospects about how individuals of their gender should take step. â€Å"Each society generates a set of prospects concerning the behaviours appropriate for males and females and communicates these. Marketing has previously been defined by gentleman so is still subjugated by male standards. Woman tasks in social alters, such as the raise in females in the place of work has led to alter in the way women are considered by men, the mode they regard themselves, and the goods they decide to purchase. Male function in the ‘new man’ is authorized to be more compassionate and to have nearer relations with other men. The more responsive side of their nature is developing and becoming a matter for marketers. Morals of good looks for both men and women may contains physical characteristics as well as clothing ways, hairstyles, make-up, skin tenor, and body form†[ Michel R. Solomon, 2007]. The self images are in different forms, it may into private self, inner and outer, and community self forms. In self image, beliefs human grabs their attributes and analysis the qualities about what they want. Self esteem and real ideal selves are the altered components of self impression. Self esteem is nothing but the optimistically of a consumers self concept. Self esteem advertising tries to adjust manufactured goods approaches by inspiring positive views about the self. The idea of self image generates from the concept of how he or she would like to be with any purchased article. Depending on self prestige image in society, all consumers tries to buy as better for himself of herself so that nobody can spread tarnish on his positionality. The self image is really important factor while purchasing to make conformity of buying of high or low quality products depends on the economical situation and self image of persons. Motivation: â€Å"Motivation is energizing forces that activate behaviours. A motive is a construct representing an unobservable inner force that stimulate and compels consumer behaviour response and provide specific direction to that response† (Del I Hawkins et al. 2007, page 392). In case of motivation, it causes to human behaves as they do. Motivation takes place when a requirement is stimulated that the buyer desires to make happy. As the requirement once has been set in motion, a position of stress exists that constrained the buyer to attempt to remove or decrease the requirement. Understanding motivation is to recognize why customers act what they act. The best example of motivation as factor of conformity is the water purchasing by consumers for home and official use purpose. As we know that water gets from municipal agencies is not expensive. But consumers buys bottle water which is too much expensive than municipal water which gets in free. So what is reason behind it so that a consumer pays money for a thing which is available in free cost. This is because of three reasons and these are health, safety and status. â€Å"Perrier† is a lot advertised brand who used to deliver bulk water to home and offices in 5- gallon containers and which make half the market. To attract and to make conformity of buyers, marketers job is produce the goods and service which is useful for consumers to reduce the stress. The stress or tension is nothing but a difference between the buyer’s current position and some ideal position. The conflicts in motivations are consists of positively appreciated goals and staying away from negative goals. Positively appreciated goals is one in which buyers are motivated to move towards the goal and will look for out goods that will be influential in attaining it. Keeping away from negative goals is one more in which buyers are motivated to stay away from a negative result structuring their procures or utilization actions. â€Å"Fulfilling one need often comes at the expenses of another need. Money spent satisfying one need leaves less for the rest. The time allocated to one need means there’s less time for fulfilling others. This trade offs in our ability to satisfy various needs cause motivational conflicts† (Roger D. Backwell et al. , 2007). Motivational conflicts are divided in three types, i. e. approach- approach, approach- avoidance, and avoidance- avoidance. When buyers have to make decision in between two or more advantages options then approach-approach conflicts engages. The case in point for approach- approach conflict is trading between new equipment and taking sail. When buyers have to make decision between two or more undesirable options, then an avoidance- avoidance conflict engages. The case in point of avoidance- avoidance conflicts is choices between mowing the work area and clean-up the pool. Approach- avoidance conflicts engages when selected course of act has both optimistic and harmful consequences. The case in point of approach- avoidance is the cigarette smoking, in which smoking gives pleasure and on the other hand it is hazardous for health. â€Å"Other motivational approaches have focused on specific needs and their ramifications for behaviour. For example, individuals with high need for achievement strongly value personal accomplishment. They place a premium on products and services that signify success because these consumption items provide feedback about the realisation of their goals. These consumers are good prospects for products that provide evidence of their achievement. One study of working women found that those who were high in achievement motivation were more likely to choose clothing they considered business like, and less likely to be interested in apparel that accentuated their feminity†( Michel R. Solomon, 2007). Other needs related to consumer behaviour are classified in need for accomplishment, need for relationship, need for matchlessness and need for control. Henry Murray has described a set of twenty psychogenic wants that result in unambiguous behaviours. â€Å"One categorization of person motivation that has received visible notice in buyer psychology is Maslows hierarchy of needs. This approach supposes that person motivations are given in a hierarchy from lower stage needs to higher stage needs. These needs, correspondingly, are: physiological needs, security needs, love and care needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. The lower level needs are considered first than higher needs. † [Brian Mullen et al, 1990]. The drawback of Maslow’s hierarchy of need is that it is cultural bound and it is not easy to accomplish the ultimate state in the hierarchy. Perception: Perception is the process by which physical feelings such as sights, noises, and odours are selected, controlled, and understood. Is the perception of consumer is to buy a particular product or not? Buyer’s perception decides the conformity of purchasing of any article. The following fig-3 shows the information processing model which consists of four main steps i. e. exposure, attention, interpretation and memory. The first three stages exposure, attention, and interpretation constitute perception. [pic] (Fig-3, Information Processing for Consumer Decision Making, Del I Hawkins et al, 2007, p-312) The steps of a perceptual method are Primitive categorization, cue check, confirmation check and confirmation completion. Primitive categorization is one in which the essential description of a stimulus are cut off. In case of cue check the features are evaluated in preparation for the choice of a plan. Confirmation check consists in which the plan is particular then last stage is confirmation completion in which a choice is made as to what the stimulus is. Consumers are frequently in a condition of sensory burden, uncovered to too much information and are not capable or unwilling to procedure all of the information at their clearance. Perceptual selectivity takes place when buyers attend to only a little segment of the stimuli that they are exposed to. Learning: â€Å"Learning is a change in behaviour that is caused by experience. Learning can occur through simple associations between a stimulus and a response or via a complex series of cognitive activities. Learning is an outgoing process. Our knowledge about the world is revised constantly as we are exposed to new stimuli, and as we receive ongoing feedback that allows us to modify our behaviour when we find ourselves in similar situations at a later time†( Michel R. Solomon, 2007). Learning is process of modifying own consumers thinking before start purchasing. â€Å"Learning is any change in the content or organization of long term memory or behaviour. Thus, learning is the result of information processing. Information processing may be conscious and deliberate in high involvement situations. Learning may occur in either a high involvement or low involvement situation† (Del I Hawkins et al, 2007). In high involvement learning, consumers are forced to procedure or learn a material. The best example of high involvement of learning is buying a laptop. [pic] (Fig-4, Learning, Source- Del I Hawkins et al, 2007) Learning process can be done by classical conditioning or operant conditioning. Cognitive learning happens as an outcome of inner mental processes. For example, observational learning occurs when a buyer performing an actions as an outcome of considering somebody else performing it and being rewarded for it. This perception outlooks people as difficulty solvers who vigorously use information from the world around them to master their surroundings. Attitude: Attitude is a tendency to evaluate an object optimistically or harmfully. Attitude has consist of three components and these are beliefs, affects, and behavioural intentions. An attitude is an enduring organization of motivational, emotional perceptual and cognitive process with respect to some aspects of our environment. It is learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favorable of unfavorable manner with respect to given object† (Del I Hawkins et al, 2007). Consumer’s attitudes itself decide about any object purchasing with consideration of positive and negative effect of products. Att itude give out four functions for persons and these are- awareness functions, utilitarian function, value expressing function and ego- defensive function. The ABC model, affect, behaviour and cognition emphasises the interrelationships between perceptive, emotion, and doing. By using cognitive consistency and cognitive dissonance, attitude theories can better understand. The conformity among consumer’s feelings, thoughts and behaviour can be better understood by Cognitive consistency theories, and are enthused to preserve consistency among these. In cognitive dissonance the buyers are tackled with circumstances where there is some disagreement between their attitudes and behaviours. In this way attitude of buyers plays vital role in conformity of purchasing of products. The example of attitude in consumers can explain with smoking and Marlboro cigarettes. As everybody know that cigarette smoking is dangerous for health and this caution always printed on cigarette packets, but men and women smokes without thinking its side effect. In advertisement, Marlboro shows to regular guys instead of professional models. American Cancer Society has started the fight against smoking to change the people’s attitude and to stop smoking. Simply, attitude of peoples indicates whether product should buy or not in terms of its use or harmfulness. Mood is very important factor of attitude. Conformity of purchasing depends on mood also. When mood is exciting then consumer doesn’t think too much for buying purpose and purchases products. â€Å"Attitude may also depend on feeling. A number of studies have found that people will evaluate products more favorable when they are in good mood than when they are not. Participant’s mood states are peripheral or irrelevant to the products and its performance. Feeling includes mood states, are far richer in nature than simply whether they are good or bad† (Roger D. Backwell et al. , 2007). Attitude makes consumer to make decision related to good or bad. And mood plays vital role in case of attitude. Conclusion: Different factors of conformity like societal and cultural factors, self- image, motivation etc determines the choice making while buying any articles. Cognitive psychology which deals with the thinking, perception and learning of persons plays vital role in conformity and the extent of decision making of any customers as per their own status. Depend upon area r region in which persons is growing up makes him or her ability of purchasing a products which is more popular in their respected area. Product which is fit in all respects like in attribution, personality, durability, colours, type of packing etc. are players of conformity of choosing for buyers. Industrialization is increasing rapidly and all companies are competing t o penetrate maximum market share and trying to grab as many as possible customer through their products. Marketing communication mix factors are very crucial to enable to get more information to customers and to make more conformity in their mind about products. https://prezi.com/mkitb1crltan/httpclearinghousemissouriwesternedumanuscripts11php/ http://emeraldgrouppublishing.com/products/collections/index.htm http://lookahead.surfwax.com/examples/questia/

Supply Chain Management An Analysis of Dells Value Chain

hispanos

Becas universitarias para Latinos/hispanos Si eres latino y buscas becas para ayudar a pagar por tus estudios universitarios el Hispanic Scholarship Fund es un lugar fundamental para considerar aplicar. Y es  que en sus casi cuarenta aà ±os que han pasado desde su creacià ³n, el Hispanic Scholarship Fund  ha distribuido entre estudiantes latinos universitarios ms de 150 diferentes tipos de  becas por un monto total de ms de $430 millones.   Las becas concedidas  varà ­an entre los $1,000 y los $15,000 por estudiante. La media es de $2,500 para estudiantes en universidades y colleges de cuatro aà ±os (à ©sta es la diferencia).  Y  de $1,250 para estudiantes en Community Colleges (llamados en algunos estados Junior College o Technical College). 4 ventajas de estudiar en un Community College Los estudiantes que obtengan estas becas pueden utilizar su monto para pagar la matrà ­cula (tuition) o parte de ella o para gastos relacionados con los estudios universitarios, como transporte, alojamiento, libros, etc. Antes de aplicar asegurarse de cumplir con estos tres  requisitos: 1. Ser latino/hispano Son consideradas latinas o hispanas las  personas nacidas en uno de los siguientes paà ­ses  o con padre o madre o uno de los cuatro abuelos nacidos en al menos uno  de los siguientes paà ­ses: Argentina, Brasil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador,   El Salvador, Espaà ±a, Guatemala, Honduras, Mà ©xico, Nicaragua, Panam, Paraguay,Perà º, Repà ºblica Dominicana, Uruguay y Venezuela. Y tambià ©n los del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico. 2. Tener uno de los siguientes estatus migratorios Es necesario ser ciudadano de los Estados Unidos (asà ­ se puede acreditar) o residente permanente legal. Aunque tambià ©n es posible aplicar y obtener una de estas becas si se est en una de las situaciones siguientes. Ser un joven con Accià ³n Diferida aprobada (DACA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s).Tener condicià ³n aprobada de refugiado o asilado, entrada condicional o parole y asà ­ tiene que estar seà ±alado mediante un sello en el I-94.Ser un cubano al que se la ha concedido entrada por pies secos pies mojados. En base a todo lo anterior no pueden aplicar los inmigrantes indocumentados (excepto, como se ha dicho, los jà ³venes con DACA aprobada). Tambià ©n estn excluidos las personas extranjeras presentes en Estados Unidos legalmente con una visa no inmigrante. Por ejemplo, los estudiantes internacionales con una F-1, los turistas, las personas con visas de trabajo temporal, etc.   Al final de este artà ­culo, opciones de becas para todo tipo de estudiantes universitarios, incluidos internacionales e indocumentados. 3. Tener un rà ©cord acadà ©mico excelente Se pide una media de GPA de 3.00 (si bien para recibir The Gates Millennium Scholarship es necesario un 3.30).   El GPA es la forma de puntuar acadà ©micamente en los Estados Unidos. El mximo es un 4.00. Si los à ºltimos estudios se realizaron fuera de los Estados Unidos, hay que traducirlos y convertirlos en puntaje GPA.   Seguir las especificaciones del Hispanic Scholarship Fund.Si se aplica siendo estudiante de à ºltimo aà ±o de High School, las calificaciones para obtener esa media se computan desde el grado 9 al grado 11.Si se aplica en el primer aà ±o de estudios universitarios, hay que notificar el GPA que se obtuvo al graduarse de High School.Si se aplica despuà ©s del primer aà ±o, incluir GPA de estudios universitarios, debià ©ndose al menos haber completado 12 crà ©ditos. Si se aplica como estudiante en estudios de postgrado, verificar los requisitos. Aplicar para recibir una beca Por internet en la pgina del Hispanic Scholarship Fund. Y dentro de plazo. Hay que tener en cuenta que es un conjunto de becas, no una sola que luego se distribuye. Y entonces hay que verificar las fecha para aplicar a cada una de ellas. Generalmente el plazo para aplicar para una beca para el curso escolar del aà ±o siguiente se abre en septiembre.   Por lo tanto, si ves que cuando entras en la pgina no hay ninguna beca con plazo abierto, regresa ms tarde. Pero aprovecha para enterarte de quà © becas podrà ­an ajustarse a tu perfil y quà © papeles se necesitan para aplicar. Para asà ­, cuando se abra el plazo, tenerlo todo a mano y no perder la oportunidad. La aplicacià ³n es gratuita. De dà ³nde viene el dinero de las becas El dinero de las becas proviene de donaciones de empresas, fundaciones y tambià ©n de personas privadas. Destacan: Bill and Melinda Gates FoundationCoca-ColaGeneral ElectricGoya FoodsTargetUnivisià ³nThe Chicago Community TrustThe Gilbert and Jacki Cisneros FoundationThe Goizueta FoundationWalmartWells Fargoy muchas ms.   Un dato sobre becas desconocido, pero cierto Un buen nà ºmero de universidades de à ©lite Estados Unidos -entre ellas algunas Ivy League- conceden ayuda financiera en forma de becas basadas en el sistema need-blind. Esto quiere decir que si el estudiante es admitido la universidad se compromete a pagar los gastos demostrados necesarios para poder cursar la carrera. De estas universidades, algunas sà ³lo aplican este sistema a ciudadanos y residentes permanentes legales, pero otras -algunas de las cuales se encuentran entre las 10 mejores universidades del paà ­s- tambià ©n consideran a inmigrantes con la Accià ³n Diferida aprobada (DACA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), indocumentados no elegibles para DACA y tambià ©n a estudiantes internacionales. Este es un listado de 13 universidades que siguen esta polà ­tica de need-blind admissions. De interà ©s Las 10 mejores universidades para estudiar ingenierà ­a. Edad de consentimiento sexual por estados. Porque tener relaciones sexuales consentidas por un menor de edad puede tener consecuencias legales serias.

Critical Review - HIA for future development Essay

Critical Review - HIA for future development - Essay Example lia may be sufficient in catering to the peoples’ water needs, however, the utility of treated wastewater in these catchments seems to be more feasible in meeting the rising demands for safe water, while at the same time, safeguard the general health of the public. Rationale for the Proposed Project. Adelaide is just one of the regions in Australia that is paying the high price of economic progress. As emphasized in a research, this city is generating its water supply from distant sources while its wastewater disposal is overly increasing in volume (Richard and Budgen 2008, 6). The situation experienced shows that a necessity for a sustainable water source is crucial. With the help of the proposal in recharging dams with treated wastewater, water supply can be replenished. Aside from this, the necessity of decreasing wastewater pollution also needs to be addressed. This project, then, hits two birds in one stone. It not only meets the increasing challenge of depleting water supply, the method of divesting the city from volumes of wastewater can also be settled lawfully. Process and Materials Utilized. Generally, wastewater is â€Å"discarded water ... from sanitary or foul sewage† (Aswthanarayana 2001, 159). With this, one needs to be reminded that this type of water source is already contaminated with several microorganisms and chemical substances. The probability of recycle can only increase by subjecting volumes of wastewater in several treatment stages. Numerous phases are employed for safer wastewater sources: â€Å"pre-treatment, mechanical or primary, biological or secondary, tertiary and quarternary† (Barcelo and Petrovic 2008, 3). Each treatment line is necessary for a potable water distribution in households (please see Figure 1, Appendix A). The pretreatment phase involves the removal of large particles through a programmed machine. This task is continued in the secondary phase, with its combination of physical and chemical procedure prior to the